Satellinks Network

PASADENA, Calif. -- NASA engineers have adjusted the flight path of the Phoenix Mars Lander, setting the spacecraft on course for its May 25 landing on the Red Planet.

"This is our first trajectory maneuver targeting a specific location in the northern polar region of Mars," said Brian Portock, chief of the Phoenix navigation team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. The mission's two prior trajectory maneuvers, made last August and October, adjusted the flight path of Phoenix to intersect with Mars.

NASA has conditionally approved a landing site in a broad, flat valley informally called "Green Valley." A final decision will be made after NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter takes additional images of the area this month.

The orbiter's High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment camera has taken more than three dozen images of the area. Analysis of those images prompted the Phoenix team to shift the center of the landing target 13 kilometers (8 miles) southeastward, away from slightly rockier patches to the northwest. Navigators used that new center for planning today's maneuver.

The landing area is an ellipse about 62 miles by about 12 miles (100 kilometers by 20 kilometers). Researchers have mapped more than five million rocks in and around that ellipse, each big enough to end the mission if hit by the spacecraft during landing. Knowing where to avoid the rockier areas, the team has selected a scientifically exciting target that also offers the best chances for the spacecraft to set itself down safely onto the Martian surface.

"Our landing area has the largest concentration of ice on Mars outside of the polar caps. If you want to search for a habitable zone in the arctic permafrost, then this is the place to go," said Peter Smith, principal investigator for the mission, at the University of Arizona, Tucson.

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It may well be argued that NASA has become the world's premier agent for exploration, carrying on in "the new ocean" of outer space a long tradition of expanding the physical and mental boundaries of humanity. Fifty years ago, however the agency that pushed the frontiers of aeronautics, took us to the moon, flew the space shuttle, built the International Space Station and revealed the secrets of the cosmos, was in its birth throes, and fundamental decisions were being made that profoundly shaped all that was to come.

The driving force, of course, was the launch of Sputnik on Oct. 4, 1957, followed by its even weightier successors. In the midst of the Cold War, a country that aspired to global preeminence could not let that challenge pass. Although the United States already had its own satellite plans in place as part of the International Geophysical Year, the Russian events spurred the Space Age, and in particular gave urgency to the founding of an American national space agency.

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Astronauts Robert D. Cabana and Bryan D. O'Connor along with former astronauts John E. Blaha and Loren J. Shriver will be added to an elite list of Hall of Fame members that includes Neil Armstrong, John Glenn, Alan Shepard, Jim Lovell, Sally Ride and John Young.

The 2008 inductees were selected by a committee of former NASA officials and flight controllers, journalists, historians and Hall of Fame astronauts.

With four space shuttle missions to his credit, Cabana was the commander of the first International Space Station assembly mission. Currently, he is the director of NASA's Stennis Space Center in Mississippi.

O'Connor was shuttle pilot on mission STS-61B and commander of STS-40, the first shuttle mission dedicated to life science studies. He now serves NASA as the Chief, Safety and Mission Assurance with responsibility for the safety, reliability, maintainability and quality assurance of all NASA programs.

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If you want to know the universe's ultimate tough guys, look no further than black holes. These strange objects gobble up gas from their surroundings, and sometimes swallow entire stars. But a black hole's gravity is so powerful that nothing, not even light, can escape its grasp.

But just as Olympic boxing teams have their flyweights, somewhere out there in the depths of space exists the lightest black hole in the universe. It's still a tough guy, but it's smaller and lighter than all other members of its kind.

Astronomers may never find the universe's lightest black hole, but in results announced on March 31, they have come close. Nikolai Shaposhnikov and Lev Titarchuk, who work at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., have identified the smallest known black hole in the universe. This black hole would weigh the same as 3.8 of our Suns if it could be put on a giant scale.

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WASHINGTON - NASA has selected the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, for the management and operations of the Earth Observing System Data and Information System Synthetic Aperture Radar Distributed Active Archive Center. The total maximum value of the cost, no-fee contract is approximately $39 million over the five-year contract period.

The archive center is devoted to the collection, processing, archiving, distribution and support of science data from, but not limited to, Synthetic Aperture Radar satellites.

NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center Earth Science Data and Information System Project in Greenbelt, Md., is responsible for providing access to data from NASA's Earth science program to scientific and other users.

WASHINGTON - 1/22/08 - NASA will release a report on an astronaut and flight
surgeon health care survey Wednesday and hold a media teleconference
to discuss the report at 2 p.m. EST.

In February 2007, NASA requested an independent external committee
conduct a comprehensive review of health services available to
astronauts. At the same time, NASA's Johnson Space Center, Houston,
began an internal assessment of behavioral medicine practices for
astronauts. In response to the findings of both reviews, NASA decided
to gather additional data through an anonymous survey of astronauts
and flight surgeons. The final report of the survey will be used to
develop specific action plans to address any needed changes in NASA's
organizational policies and procedures governing astronaut health
care.

The news conference participants are:
- Dr. Richard S. Williams, chief health and medical officer, NASA
Headquarters, Washington
- Dr. Jeff Davis, director, Space Life Sciences Directorate, Johnson
Space Center
- Ellen Ochoa, deputy director, Johnson Space Center

Reporters wanting to participate in the teleconference should call the
Johnson Space Center Newsroom at 281-483-5111 to confirm
participation and receive dial-in information. The report will be
available online at 1 p.m. Wednesday at:

http://www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/features/astronautreport.html

Live audio of the teleconference will be available at:

http://www.nasa.gov/newsaudio

First time in 25 years, NEA creates new lifetime achievement award - Nation's highest honor in opera

Washington, DC (January 9, 2008) - The National Endowment for the Arts (NEA) today did something it hasn't done in more than a quarter century: it announced new awards to honor lifetime achievement and individual excellence, this time in the field of opera.

"Opera in the United States is a vibrant, healthy art form and it's only fitting that we give it the added recognition of an honor bestowed by the United States government - just as we do with jazz and folk and traditional arts. This is a way to honor our great opera artists and their work," said NEA Chairman Dana Gioia.

The National Endowment for the Arts Opera Honors will celebrate visionaries and luminaries who, by making extraordinary contributions to opera in the United States, have become cultural treasures. This honor represents the highest award that our nation bestows in opera - and as with the NEA's other lifetime achievement awards, honorees will be nominated by the American public. Since 1982, the NEA has given lifetime achievement awards to jazz artists (NEA Jazz Masters) and folk and traditional artists (NEA National Heritage Fellows).

Nominees for the National Endowment for the Arts Opera Honors may include composers, librettists, singers, conductors, designers, directors, or collaborative artistic teams. In addition, nominations are sought for an award to a composer, librettist, or artistic team to celebrate an exemplary American opera that has generated excitement, attracted audiences, and demonstrated potential for expanding the canon of American opera repertoire. The award also will honor individuals whose mastery has advanced the knowledge and/or appreciation of opera for the general public. The award includes a one-time fellowship of $25,000.

Guidelines that include full details for the National Endowment for the Arts Opera Honors are available on the NEA website www.arts.gov/honors/opera/. The deadline for nominations is February 11, 2008. The awards will be announced and awarded in the fall of 2008. Said Chairman Gioia, "I encourage people to be a part of this exciting new award by making a nomination. You could be helping to make history."

AUSTIN, Texas - NASA scientists and a space shuttle astronaut today
outlined details of a challenging mission that will repair and
upgrade the Hubble Space Telescope in 2008. The Hubble servicing
mission, designated STS-125, will equip the orbiting observatory with
far greater capabilities than ever had before to explore the nature
and history of our universe.

Space Shuttle Atlantis is scheduled to lift off in August with a crew
of seven astronauts and a cargo of equipment, tools and new
instruments on the fifth and final mission to service the venerable
telescope, which orbits 350 miles above the Earth. The shuttle also
will carry an IMAX camera to record the historic mission for a film
scheduled for release in 2010.

At the winter meeting of the American Astronomical Society, Alan
Stern, associate administrator for the Science Mission Directorate at
NASA Headquarters, Washington, said, "Hubble is, without
exaggeration, a national treasure, and all of NASA is looking forward
to seeing it receive this tune up and upgrade. I think Americans are
going to be excited when they see the results of this exciting
shuttle mission flower into new discoveries about the solar system
and the larger universe we live in. And let's face it; it doesn't get
much more exciting than sending a team of astronauts and
sophisticated high-tech instruments to make the Hubble better than it
ever was before."

The 11-day shuttle mission features five spacewalks. During those
spacewalks, astronauts will install two powerful new science
instruments, a new set of the gyroscopes that help stabilize the
telescope, and batteries and thermal blankets to extend Hubble's
operational life until at least 2013. Also, if all goes well, a
degrading Fine Guidance Sensor unit, one of three aboard Hubble, will
be replaced with a refurbished unit to help maintain the telescope's
ability to point and focus on astronomical objects throughout the
universe.

"As both an astronaut and an astronomer, the opportunity to go back to
Hubble is more than a dream come true," said John Grunsfeld, who will
be the mission's lead spacewalker. "This mission promises to be quite
challenging. NASA has put together the most experienced Hubble crew
ever, with three Hubble veterans. The crew and mission team are in
full throttle training, looking forward to launch and the hard work
of servicing Hubble."

Astronauts will attempt the first ever on-orbit repair of two existing
instruments - the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and the
Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The ACS was the most-used
instrument on the telescope until its failure last January after five
years of operations. The STIS - the most sophisticated spectrograph
ever on Hubble - took detailed pictures of celestial objects and
separated light into its components to diagnose the physical
conditions of galaxies, stars, planets and nebulae.

The new instruments to be installed on the telescope are the Cosmic
Origins Spectrograph, or COS, and the Wide Field Camera 3, or WFC3.
Among its many goals, COS will probe the "cosmic web." This
large-scale structure of the universe has its form determined by the
gravity of dark matter and can be traced by galaxies and
intergalactic gas. COS also will explore how this web has evolved
over billions of years and the role it plays in the formation and
evolution of galaxies. The WFC3 will be Hubble's first "panchromatic"
camera, providing wide field-of-view and remarkably sharp images over
a wide range of colors to supplement other imaging capabilities
aboard the Hubble.

"Our goal for this mission is to leave Hubble at the apex of its
scientific capabilities," said David Leckrone, Hubble senior project
scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. "Our
two new instruments, plus the hoped-for repairs of STIS and ACS, will
give astronomers a full 'tool box' with which to attack some really
profound problems, ranging from the nature of dark matter and dark
energy, to the chemical composition of the atmospheres of planets
around other stars."

Scientists are confident that some of Hubble's greatest discoveries
are yet to come.

"With the new capabilities we expect to have after this shuttle
servicing mission, I fully expect Hubble's most impressive
accomplishments to lie in its future, eclipsing even its well-known
past successes," Stern said.

For more information, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/hubble

HUNTSVILLE, Ala. - NASA is looking for a fast set of wheels. The 15th
annual Great Moonbuggy Race is set for April 4-5. During the race,
dozens of high school and college teams careen around a track at the
U.S. Space & Rocket Center in Huntsville. They pilot wheeled rovers
of their own design, and perhaps launch their future as the next
generation of lunar explorers.

More than 40 student teams from 18 states, the District of Columbia,
Puerto Rico, Canada and India have already registered. The student
competitors design, build and race their very own lightweight,
two-person lunar vehicles. The buggies are modeled after the historic
rovers that Americans first drove on the lunar surface during the
Apollo 15 mission in 1971. The teams exhaustively test their
creations to ensure the sometimes delicate vehicles can negotiate the
punishing terrain of the half-mile, obstacle-strewn course.

"The experience is more than just fun. Participation in the race
offers valuable real-world experience in practical engineering,
teamwork and problem-solving," said Tammy Rowan, manager of the
Academic Affairs Office at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in
Huntsville, which organizes and hosts the race along with the Space &
Rocket Center. "These talented, creative young minds learn lessons
they'll take back with them to the classroom - and hopefully onward
throughout their careers and their lives."

Students race their human-powered vehicles in time trials across a
simulated moon surface. Moonbuggies race against the clock, rather
than side-by-side. The event is open to the public.

The three fastest-finishing moonbuggies in both the high school and
college categories win prizes from the race sponsors. Students win
additional awards for the most unique moonbuggy design, best overall
design, most improved team, best rookie team and most spirited team.

Only eight college teams participated in the first Great Moonbuggy
Race in 1994. That event commemorated the 25th anniversary of the
Apollo 11 lunar landing. The race was expanded in 1996 to include
high school teams.

The 2008 race is sponsored by NASA's Space Operations Mission
Directorate as well as outside partners including: the Northrop
Grumman Corp., Jacobs Engineering Science Technical Service Group and
the Boeing Company, all of Huntsville. Additional Huntsville-area
contributors include the American Institute of Aeronautics and
Astronautics; ATK Launch Systems, Inc.; CBS-TV affiliate WHNT (Ch.
19); Stanley Associates; Science Applications International Corp.;
the Tennessee Valley chapter of the System Safety Society Inc.; the
United Space Alliance, LLC; and the U.S. Space & Rocket Center.

The deadline for registration is Feb. 1. For more event details, race
rules, information on the course and photos from previous
competitions, visit:

http://moonbuggy.msfc.nasa.gov

For information about other NASA education programs, visit:

http://education.nasa.gov

For more information about NASA and agency programs, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov

WASHINGTON - NASA will hold a media briefing on Thursday, Jan. 24, at 12:30 p.m. EST, to discuss the agency's Earth science program and preview major activities planned for 2008, including the launch of two new Earth-observing missions and a weather satellite. The briefing will take place in the NASA Headquarters' James E. Webb Auditorium, 300 E Street, S.W., Washington. The briefing will be carried live on NASA Television.

Celebrating its 50th anniversary, NASA continues to advance the frontiers of scientific discovery about Earth, its climate and its future. NASA's multidisciplinary Earth science program contains a broad-based portfolio of cutting-edge science and technology, from new remote-sensing instruments in orbit to basic research delving into the intricate workings of our home planet.

Panelists are:
- Administrator Michael Griffin, NASA Headquarters, Washington
- Alan Stern, associate administrator, Science Mission Directorate, Headquarters
- Michael Freilich, director, Earth Science Division, Headquarters
- Randy Friedl, deputy chief scientist, Earth Science Division, Headquarters

Media may ask questions from participating NASA locations. Reporters also may participate by phone. Reporters wanting to participate by phone must call Grey Hautaluoma on 202-358-0668 by 10 a.m. Jan. 24.

The briefing will be streamed live on NASA's Web site at:

http://www.nasa.gov

WASHINGTON - Jaiwon Shin has been named as NASA's associate
administrator for the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate in
Washington.

As the associate administrator, Shin will be responsible for managing
the agency's aeronautics research portfolio and guiding its strategic
direction. This portfolio includes research in the fundamental
aeronautics of flight, aviation safety and the nation's airspace
system. Prior to this appointment, Shin served as the deputy
associate administrator for aeronautics.

"Jaiwon brings expert knowledge of aeronautics and technology to a
critical position at NASA," NASA Administrator Michael Griffin said.
"He's helped develop the aeronautics research roadmap for the 21st
century. His leadership of the directorate will assure our continued
recognition as the world's premiere aeronautics research
organization."

Before coming to NASA Headquarters in 2004, Shin served as chief of
the aeronautics projects office at NASA's Glenn Research Center in
Cleveland. In this position, he had management responsibility for all
aeronautics projects managed at the center. Prior to that, he was the
deputy director of aeronautics at the center, providing executive
leadership for the planning and implementation of the aeronautics
program at Glenn.

Between 1998 and 2002, Shin served as chief of the Aviation Safety
Program Office as well as the deputy program manager for NASA's
Aviation Safety Program and Airspace Systems Program. He assisted the
program managers at Langley Research Center with program-wide
planning and research management. He has extensive experience in high
speed research and icing, and has authored or co-authored more than
20 technical and journal papers.

"I am honored to have been chosen for this position and look forward
to building on the strong foundation that my predecessor, Lisa
Porter, established for NASA aeronautics," Shin said. "NASA's
aeronautics programs develop the concepts, tools, methods and
technologies that address many of the challenges faced by our nation
in air traffic management, safety and the environment. We will
continue our commitment to meet these challenges through technical
excellence, integrity and strong partnerships with other government
agencies, industry and academia."

Dr. Shin received his doctorate in mechanical engineering from the
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg. His
bachelor's degree is from Yonsei University in Korea and his master's
degree is in mechanical engineering from the California State
University, Long Beach. His honors include NASA's Outstanding
Leadership Medal, NASA's Exceptional Service Medal, a NASA Group
Achievement Award, Lewis Superior Accomplishment Award, three Lewis
Group Achievement Awards, and an Air Force Team Award. He is a
graduate of the Senior Executive Fellowship Program at the Kennedy
School of Government at Harvard University.

For information about NASA's aeronautics programs, visit:

http://www.aeronautics.nasa.gov

SEATTLE - On Friday, Jan. 25, NASA Deputy Administrator Shana Dale
will deliver a keynote address at 8:45 a.m. PST, at the Museum of
Flight in Seattle. The event focuses on how space exploration
benefits the state of Washington's economy and kicks off a yearlong
Future Forum series celebrating NASA's 50th anniversary. The series
will hold events in cities across the country.

Other NASA speakers include Janet Kavandi, an astronaut who earned her
doctorate at the University of Washington, and Jeff Hanley, director
of NASA's Constellation Program. They will discuss NASA's development
of the vehicles that will travel to the moon, Mars and beyond.
Washington Lt. Gov. Brad Owen will be the luncheon's keynote speaker.
The future forum coincides with a NASA exhibition at the museum
featuring a rare Mars meteorite.

Dale, Kavandi, Hanley and astronaut Bonnie Dunbar, the president of
the Museum of Flight, will participate in a media question and answer
session following the morning event. One-on-one interviews also may
be scheduled in advance.

Reporters who would like to attend should contact Tabatha Thompson at
tabatha.thompson-1@nasa.gov, 202-358-3895, or Tara Cashman at
tcashman@museumofflight.org, 206-768-7128, by Jan. 24. Media also may
contact Autumn Monahan with the WSA, Washington's technology
association, at 206-505-8350.

Event schedule for the NASA Seattle Future Forum:

- 8:30 a.m - Welcome by host, Bonnie Dunbar, president, Museum of
Flight
- 8:45 a.m. - Remarks by NASA Deputy Administrator Shana Dale
- 9:15 a.m. - Astronaut presentation, astronaut Janet Kavandi
- 9:30 a.m. - Overview of the NASA Exploration Program, Jeff Hanley,
director, NASA Constellation Program
- 9:55 a.m. - Media question and answer with presenters
- 10 a.m. - Innovation Panel: "Unleashing the power of technology and
creativity"
- 11:10 a.m. - Discovery Panel: "Pushing the limits of knowledge to
inspire new generations"
- 12:15 p.m. - Luncheon with address from Lt. Gov. Brad Owen
- 1:30 p.m. - Inspiration Panel: "Building idea factories for the
future"

For complete biographical information about Dale, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/dale_bio.html

For more information about the Museum of Flight, visit:

www.museumofflight.org

For more information about NASA and agency programs, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov

EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE, Calif. - NASA's Stratospheric Observatory for
Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA, has passed a significant mission
milestone. It has completed the first phase of experimental flight
tests, which confirmed the structural integrity and performance of
the modified 747SP SOFIA aircraft that carries a huge infrared
telescope.

The telescope measures nearly 10 feet in width and weighs almost 19
tons. It peers through a 16-foot-high door cut into SOFIA's 747
fuselage. During this test series, the aircraft flew five times with
this external door closed. These flights tested the limits of the
aircraft's capabilities in many areas, including aerodynamics,
structural integrity, stability and control, and handling qualities.

"SOFIA is already a technological marvel, and will soon be a powerful
tool for studying the birth and evolution of planets, stars, and
galaxies," said Alan Stern, associate administrator of NASA's Science
Mission Directorate, NASA Headquarters, Washington. "The completion
of its closed door testing phase is a major milestone on the way to
SOFIA's inaugural science flights next year."

The SOFIA program also checked the functionality of the aircraft's
cutting edge, German-built telescope. Engineers tested the ability of
the instrument's control system to maintain its precise position when
tracking a celestial object, even while the aircraft moves and
maneuvers through the sky.

"The project finished a very important milestone on the path to the
first astronomy work with the telescope, which is expected in early
2009," said Robert Meyer, SOFIA program manager at NASA's Dryden
Flight Research Center, Edwards Air Force Base, Calif.

The aircraft now will undergo installation and integration of the
remaining elements of the observatory before open-door test flights
scheduled to begin in late 2008. After completing the initial
open-door test flight, limited science observation flights will begin
in 2009. The science community will survey the universe with five
specialized instruments on SOFIA as the observatory begins normal
science observation flights in 2011. The observatory reaches full
operational capabilities in 2014.

The SOFIA aircraft is based at Dryden's newly established Aircraft
Operations Facility in Palmdale, Calif., where it will remain for
additional development, flight testing and science flight operations.
The program is a partnership of NASA and the German Aerospace Center.
Dryden manages the SOFIA program. NASA's Ames Research Center,
Moffett Field, Calif., manages the science project.

http://www.nasa.gov/sofia

For more information about NASA and agency programs, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov

WASHINGTON - On Friday, Jan. 18, at 10 a.m. EST NASA Deputy
Administrator Shana Dale will recognize the first winners of the Pete
Conrad Spirit of Innovation Award during the unveiling of a traveling
exhibit titled "Spirit of Innovation." The event will take place in
the NASA Headquarters James E. Webb Auditorium, 300 E Street SW,
Washington.

NASA's Innovative Partnership Program sponsors the $10,000 prize for
the Conrad Award. To compete for the award, high school students were
challenged to create concepts that could accelerate the personal
spaceflight industry through graphical representations, technical
documents and business plans. Winners were chosen during the X PRIZE
Cup, administered by the X PRIZE Foundation under an educational
grant from NASA, in New Mexico last October.

The award honors Charles "Pete" Conrad, Jr., the third astronaut to
walk on the moon. Conrad served on the Gemini 5 and 11 missions,
Apollo 12, and Skylab 2. He received the Congressional Space Medal of
honor and NASA's Ambassador of Exploration Award.

For information about the X PRIZE Foundation and the Conrad Award,
visit:

http://www.xprize.org

For more complete biographical information about Dale, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/about/highlights/dale_bio.html

For information about NASA's Innovative Partnership Program, visit:

http://ipp.nasa.gov

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - NASA Television will provide live coverage of
the Astronauts Memorial Foundation's remembrance service honoring
space shuttle Columbia's STS-107 crew. The ceremony will be held at
the Space Mirror Memorial on the NASA Kennedy Space Center Visitor
Complex at 10 a.m. EST on Feb. 1, the fifth anniversary of the
Columbia accident.

Speakers at the memorial include: NASA Administrator Michael Griffin;
Evelyn Husband-Thompson, widow of Colonel Rick Husband; Kennedy Space
Center Director Bill Parsons; NASA Associate Administrator for Space
Operations William Gerstenmaier; Shuttle Commander for the Return to
Flight mission, STS-114, Eileen Collins; Shuttle Commander and former
NASA Associate Administrator for Space Operations William Readdy and
G. Madhavan Nair, chairman of the Indian Space Research Organization.
Astronauts Memorial Foundation President Stephen Feldman will lead
the service.

Media interested in covering the memorial should contact Andrea Farmer
at 321-449-4318 or Jillian McRae at 321-449-4273.

The public also is invited to attend the service. Kennedy Space Center
Visitor Complex will provide flowers for all ceremony guests and
visitors throughout the day to place at the memorial. For more
information, visit:

http://www.kennedyspacecenter.com

Columbia's seven astronauts were lost during re-entry on Feb. 1, 2003,
following a 16-day science mission. The crew members were Commander
Rick Husband, Pilot William McCool, Payload Commander Michael
Anderson, mission specialists David Brown, Kalpana Chawla, and Laurel
Clark, and Payload Specialist Ilan Ramon.

The Astronauts Memorial Foundation, a private, not-for-profit
organization, built and maintains the Space Mirror Memorial. It was
dedicated in 1991 to honor all astronauts who lost their lives on
missions or during training and since has been designated a National
Memorial by Congress.

For NASA TV downlink information, schedules and links to streaming
video, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/ntv

For information about Columbia's STS-107 crew, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/columbia